Marijuana Farms, Houses (CARTELS-7a)
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MARIJUANA AGGREGATE GROWTH AREAS
FARMS OR HOUSES
Terminology Brief
Key words/concepts/facets
Black-Market Marijuana
Human trafficking
B-1 or B-2 visas (Chinese immigrant farmeres into USA)
Money Laundering
Grow Houses
Pesticides
Hydroponic
Lights
Fans
Odors
Carbon Dioxide Concentrations?
Electrical - Bypassing meters (see Facets)
Thermal Detection (See Facets)
Pot Farm Pollution
Kingpin
“Title Guy”
FACETS OTHER-Electrical, Thermal
Electrical Bypassing meters of regular city systems
NCSL dot or
Electricity Use in Marijuana Production
also see https://www.ncsl.org/research
/energy/electricity-use-in-marijuana-production.aspx
Thermal Detection of Illegal Marijuana Clusters
also see
Cornell Law dot edu
https://www.law.cornell.edu/
supct/html/99-8508.ZO.html
Money Laundering-Chinese
The Epoch Times
2021/06/29 Chinese Use Social Media Apps in Marijuana Money Laundering Scheme. By Hannah Cai
2021/06/29--https //www theepochtimes com/mkt_app/chinese-use-social-media-apps-in-marijuana-
money-laundering-scheme_3877698 html
Legal Pot Centers can lead to Black Marketing
Green legal Cannibis Sales Centers can be linked to and bring in black market drug and other crime, including
Chinese
420 Magazine dot com (article also found under Marijuana Houses below)
2017/10/17 Raids On Marijuana Grow Houses Often Find Chinese 'Farmers' Inside
https[colon]//www[dot]420magazine[dot]com/community/threads/raids-on-marijuana-grow-houses-
often-find-chinese-farmers-inside 417518/
“…marijuana growers and smugglers are targeting states such as Colorado and California assuming
they can operate in the shadows of commercial enterprises that are licensed to grow pot. Coffman
called the June indictment “a prime example that the black market for marijuana has not gone away
since recreational marijuana was legalized in our state.”
The Denver Channel
2019/12/19 How a Marijuana network tied to China became a player-Colorado black market
GROW/MARIJUANA HOUSES-Chinese Linked
(See more under corresponding states)
How an operation might be organized
In one case in which he represented one of several defendants, for instance, he learned that the operation “was
an arrangement between three people — a guy, I guess you could call him a kingpin, who put up money to put
people in houses. He was the ‘money guy.’ The person who took title in his name was the ‘title guy.’ And then
there’d be a third guy who managed the grow, and they split the profit three ways,” Renwick said.
--See 420 Magazine-2017/10/17
Background on Marijuana Illegal Sales inside USA-Chinese
420 Magazine dot com [Chinese Link]
2017/10/17 Raids On Marijuana Grow Houses Often Find Chinese 'Farmers' Inside
https //www 420magazine com/community/threads/raids-on-marijuana-grow-houses-often-find-
chinese-farmers-inside 417518/
Excerpt: Coffman and other law enforcement officials say that marijuana growers and smugglers are
targeting states such as Colorado and California assuming they can operate in the shadows of
commercial enterprises that are licensed to grow pot. Coffman called the June indictment “a prime
example that the black market for marijuana has not gone away since recreational marijuana was
legalized in our state.”
Yu, who has investigated scores of large-scale marijuana operations, say the Chinese grow houses
share much in common. Many are purchased with cash and are located in quiet, unassuming suburbs.
Electricians are brought in to bypass the electricity meters, so growers can tap a free source of power
to run grow lights and fans. They can reap enormous profits. A single pot house can produce three
crops annually, which can net a grower $1 million or more, depending on the size of the grow and the
quality of the bud, Yu said. Often the marijuana is shipped to markets on the East Coast, one possible
reason that Chinese immigrants from New York have recently been arrested in Sacramento-area raids.
https //www 420magazine com/community/threads/raids-on-marijuana-grow-houses-often-find-
chinese-farmers-inside 417518/
California-Chinese
Sacramento Drug Houses
2017/10/17--420 Magazine Raids On Marijuana Grow Houses Often Find Chinese 'Farmers' Inside
https[colon]//www 420magazine com/community/threads/raids-on-marijuana-grow-houses-often-
find-chinese-farmers-inside 417518/
Colorado-Chinese
2021/06/11
The Durango Herald: 21 indicted in illegal marijuana operation in Colorado
https[colon]//www durangoherald com/articles/21-indicted-in-illegal-marijuana-operation-in-
colorado/
2020/10/06
Cannabis dot net
The Navajo vs Illegal Chinese Marijuana Grows - Stranger ...
https[colon]//cannabis net/blog/opinion/the-navajo-vs...
2019/12/19
The Denver Channel: How a Marijuana network tied to China became a player-Colorado black
market
https //www thedenverchannel com/news/local-news/how-a-marijuana-network-tied-to-china-
became-a-player-on-the-colorado-black-market
2019/05/24
Denver dot CBS Local: ‘Asian Pride’ Marijuana Bust Was Largest In Colorado Law Enforcement
History
https //denver cbslocal.com/2019/05/24/marijuana-raid-asian-pride-drug-trafficking-
organization-busted/
2016/09/21
Post Independent: 3,000 pot plants seized in illegal Garfield County grow
https //www postindependent com/news/crime/3000-pot-plants-seized-in-illegal-grow/
Washington-Chinese
2021/06/30--La Cannabis News dot com Chinese Criminal Groups Continue Controlling Marijuana ...
Chinese: Various
2021/01/23-VOA News dot com: Chinese Workers Turn to US Marijuana Industry as Service ...
2020/06/29
Breitbart: Chinese Criminal Groups Continue Controlling Marijuana ...
https //www breitbart com/border/2020/06/29/...
2018/04/04--US seizes pot-growing houses tied to China-based criminals
MARIJUANA HOUSES
Various Marijuana Houses-Chinese
Seattle Times
2018/04/04 US seizes pot-growing houses tied to China-based criminals
https //www seattletimes.com/business/us-seizes-pot-growing-houses-tied-to-china-based-criminals/
California Marijuana Houses-Chinese
Sacramento
420 Magazine dot com [Chinese Link]
2017/10/17 Raids On Marijuana Grow Houses Often Find Chinese 'Farmers' Inside
https //www 420magazine com/community/threads/raids-on-marijuana-grow-houses-often-
find-chinese-farmers-inside 417518/
Los Angeles, Riverside and San Bernardino Counties
Justice dot gov
2013/03/20 Los Angeles, Riverside and San Bernardino counties: 10 linked to network of grow houses
across three southland counties arrested
https://www.justice.gov/usao-cdca/pr/10-linked-network-marijuana-grow-houses-across-three-
southland-counties-arrested
Excerpt: RIVERSIDE, California – Federal and state authorities this morning arrested 10 defendants
charged in a federal criminal complaint that accuses them of participating in a wide-ranging drug
conspiracy that operating marijuana grow houses across Los Angeles, Riverside and San Bernardino
counties. As part of the investigation led by the Drug Enforcement Administration, authorities this
morning arrested 10 out of 11 people named in the complaint and executed search warrants at 26
locations – which includes 15 grow houses – stretching from Arcadia to Corona to Fontana. One
defendant remains a fugitive who is being sought by authorities. During this morning’s operation,
authorities seized more than $250,000 in cash, seven guns (including an assault rifle) and more than
8,000 marijuana plants.
https://www.justice.gov/usao-cdca/pr/10-linked-network-marijuana-grow-houses-across-three-
southland-counties-arrested
2019/03/07 [Chinese Link] San Bernardino County, California-Grow Houses: Three SoCal Men
Arrested in Scheme in Which Chinese Money Allegedly Funded Seven Inland Empire Marijuana Grow
Houses
https://www.justice.gov/usao-cdca/pr/three-socal-men-arrested-scheme-which-chinese-money-
allegedly-funded-seven-inland
Excerpt: LOS ANGELES – Three men were arrested this morning on federal charges alleging they took
part in a scheme that used millions of dollars wired from China to purchase seven residential homes in
San Bernardino County that were converted into illegal marijuana grow houses.
https://www.justice.gov/usao-cdca/pr/three-socal-men-arrested-scheme-which-chinese-money-
allegedly-funded-seven-inland
Colorado Marijuana Houses-Chinese
The Denver Channel [Chinese Link]
2019/12/19 How a Marijuana network tied to China became a player on the Colorado black
market
https //www thedenverchannel com/news/local-news/how-a-marijuana-network-tied-to-china-
became-a-player-on-the-colorado-black-market
Denver dot CBS Local [Chinese Link]
2019/05/24 ‘Asian Pride’ Marijuana Bust Was Largest In Colorado Law Enforcement History By
Rick Sallinger
https //denver cbslocal.com/2019/05/24/marijuana-raid-asian-pride-drug-trafficking-
organization-busted/
The Durango Herald [Chinese Link]
2021/06/11 21 indicted in illegal marijuana operation in Colorado
https //www durangoherald com/articles/21-indicted-in-illegal-marijuana-operation-in-colorado/
US News Per Denver Post [Commerce City, CO Denver metro area]
2019/01/31 Feds, Police Bust Marijuana Grow Houses in Colorado: Authorities served dozens of
search warrants as they raided the apparent marijuana grow operations. By Megan Trimble
https://www.usnews.com/news/national-news/articles/2019-01-31/federal-agents-police-bust-
suspected-marijuana-grow-houses-in-col
Excerpt: Members of the Drug Enforcement Administration and local authorities remove
marijuana plants during an assumed illegal marijuana operation on Jan. 31, 2019 in Commerce
City, Colorado.
Federal and local authorities in Colorado busted suspected marijuana operations in a
coordinated raid of up to 50 black-market grow houses, according to The Denver Post. Agents
from the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration and police served dozens of search warrants
Thursday morning in the Denver metro area in what the Post reports is the third large-scale,
coordinated raid in five months. Pictures from the raid show agents hauling uprooted marijuana
plants from homes and piling them in driveways and front yards. More than 1,000 plants were
reportedly taken from one home.
https://www.usnews.com/news/national-news/articles/2019-01-31/federal-agents-police-bust-
suspected-marijuana-grow-houses-in-col
Nevada marijuana houses-Chinese
420 Magazine dot com [Chinese Link]
2017/10/17 Raids On Marijuana Grow Houses Often Find Chinese 'Farmers' Inside
https://www.420magazine.com/community/threads/raids-on-marijuana-grow-houses-often-
find-chinese-farmers-inside.417518/
Excerpt: n July, a federal jury in Nevada convicted a 66-year-old Chinese man, Jianguo Han, on
charges of running a large-scale marijuana operation in two Las Vegas houses. A month earlier,
Colorado indicted five Chinese immigrants and 69 other defendants. They are accused of
participating in what Colorado Attorney General Cynthia Coffman called “the largest illegal
marijuana trafficking ring” since the state legalized the drug in 2015.
https://www.420magazine.com/community/threads/raids-on-marijuana-grow-houses-often-
find-chinese-farmers-inside.417518/
Texas marijuana houses-Chinese
DFW dot CBS Local dot com [Mexican Cartels]
2011/02/03 Mexican Cartels Taking Over Some North Texas Homes
https://dfw.cbslocal.com/2011/02/03/mexican-cartels-taking-over-north-texas-homes/
Cartels pot-legal states, Cuba Connection
NBC
2018/05/29 Foreign cartels embrace home-grown marijuana in pot-legal states. By Dennis
Romero, Gabe Gutierrez, and Robert Powell
Foreign gangs are finding that black-market marijuana is profitable even in states that have
legalized cannabis.
https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/foreign-cartels-embrace-home-grown-marijuana-pot-
legal-states-n875666
Houston, Texas vicinity
Justice dot gov articles
2016/03/04-Grow-houses/hydroponic: 7 Ordered to Federal Prison for Extensive Marijuana Grow House
Operation
2013/12/05-Last Of 24 Arrested In Massive Marijuana Grow House Case Ordered To Prison
2013/12/05 Houston, Texas: [Vietnam link] Farm/Grow; Last Of 24 Arrested In Massive Marijuana Grow House
Case Ordered To Prison
https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdtx/pr/last-24-arrested-massive-marijuana-grow-house-case-ordered-prison
Excerpt: “Today’s sentencing illustrates the seriousness of growing marijuana in Texas,” said Peña. “Whether
our investigation leads us to marijuana grow houses operating within city limits or to a country field outside
of the city, DEA’s mission is to investigate these illegal operations. The defendants of this organization now
recognize DEA does not discriminate on which location you choose. DEA and its law enforcement partners
will continue to aggressively and proactively target all areas of drug trafficking.” Do pleaded guilty to
conspiring to maintain a premises for the manufacture, distribution, possession or use of marijuana as did
the other 23 defendants involved in the clandestine indoor marijuana grow organization. All of the
defendants were born in Vietnam, most of whom were naturalized Canadian, Swedish or U.S. citizens, or
permanent U.S. resident aliens. All foreign nationals are subject to deportation upon completing their prison
terms.
https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdtx/pr/last-24-arrested-massive-marijuana-grow-house-case-ordered-prison
2016/03/04 Houston, Texas-Grow-houses/hydroponic: 7 Ordered to Federal Prison for Extensive Marijuana
Grow House Operation
https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdtx/pr/7-ordered-federal-prison-extensive-marijuana-grow-house-operation
Excerpt: HOUSTON – Three leaders and four others have been ordered to federal prison for their roles in a
hydroponic marijuana growing conspiracy operating in and around Houston, announced U.S. Attorney
Kenneth Magidson. All had previously entered guilty pleas in the case.
https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdtx/pr/7-ordered-federal-prison-extensive-marijuana-grow-house-operation
In General in Texas
KSAT
2012/02/18 DEA: Marijuana grow houses on the rise in Texas Growing marijuana in plain sight. By Tim
Gerber
https://www.ksat.com/news/2012/02/18/dea-marijuana-grow-houses-on-the-rise-in-texas-2/
MARIJUANA FARMS
California Marijuana Farms-Chinese
PF Note 2023/07/02: Northern California and Rural/Wilderness farms moved to Cartels-7b
Colorado Marijuana Farms-Chinese
Cannabis dot net [Chinese Link]
2020/10/06 The Navajo vs Illegal Chinese Marijuana Grows - Stranger ...
https://cannabis.net/blog/opinion/the-navajo-vs...
Excerpt: The raid was part of a federal investigation into a California-linked Chinese drug trafficking network
in Colorado. It culminated in May 2019 with the seizure of more than 80,000 marijuana plants — the biggest
black-market marijuana bust in state history, the U.S. Attorney’s Office said.
Post Independent [Chinese connection]
2016/09/21 3,000 pot plants seized in illegal Garfield County grow. Ryan Summerlin.
https://www.postindependent.com/news/crime/3000-pot-plants-seized-in-illegal-grow/
Excerpt: Fourteen people were arrested Monday in a bust of an enormous illegal marijuana grow operation
between Rifle and Silt, authorities said.
A joint Two Rivers Drug Enforcement Team and Drug Enforcement Agency operation discovered the large,
and long-established operation, which Sheriff Lou Vallario estimated to be about 30 to 40 acres on Mile Pond
Road.
Vallario said he suspects that some of the people arrested at the grow operation, believed to be Chinese
nationals, are in the country illegally. Along with TRIDENT and the DEA, U.S. Immigration and Customs
Enforcement is working the case.
Investigators are also considering the possibility that some of the suspects are victims of human trafficking
and forced labor, Vallario said.
New Mexico Marijuana Farms-see PF-NM
Oklahoma Marijuana Farms-Chinese
Chinese busted in Oklahoma, buying land and growing ...
https://www.investmentwatchblog.com/chinese-busted...
Apr 25, 2021 · Chinese busted in Oklahoma, buying land and growing marijuana for black market. April 25, ...
10 detained in Guthrie marijuana grow operation raid: “We are probably seizing 10,000 – 15,000 plants that
are in about 15 greenhouses here on the property, as well as 60-100 pounds of finished product that’s
bagged up that’s ready for sell ...
Oklahoma State dot Forums
Chinese Owned Marijuana Farms in Oklahoma ...
https://oklahomastate.forums.rivals.com/threads/...
Jun 28, 2021 · Locals are alarmed by what they believe are trafficked farm workers, black market marijuana
and illegal firearms. Wife was speaking with a friend and landowner in central Oklahoma tonight. This land
owner‘s property is adjacent to a Chinese owned marijuana farm. Evidently, the Chinese in question are
bringing their polluting ways with them ...
Investment Watch Blog
2021/04/25 Chinese busted in Oklahoma, buying land and growing ...
https://www.investmentwatchblog.com/chinese-busted...
Chinese busted in Oklahoma, buying land and growing marijuana for black market. April 25, ... 10 detained in
Guthrie marijuana grow operation raid: “We are probably seizing 10,000 – 15,000 plants that are in about 15
greenhouses here on the property, as well as 60-100 pounds of finished product that’s bagged up that’s
ready for sell ...
Washington Marijuana Farms
La Cannabis News dot com [Chinese Link]
2021/06/30 Chinese Criminal Groups Continue Controlling Marijuana ...
https://www.lacannabisnews.com/chinese-criminal...
Jun 30, 2020 · Chinese Criminal Groups Continue Controlling Marijuana Farms on U.S. Soil Breitbart Texas /
Cartel Chronicles Illegally cultivated grow farms in California and Washington state are operated by Chinese
nationals, according to a report from the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP).
Various - States, Information - Marijuana Farms
VOA News dot com
2021/01/23 Chinese Workers Turn to US Marijuana Industry as Service ...
https://www.voanews.com/usa/chinese-workers-turn...
Jan 23, 2021 · From November 9-11, authorities found about 30 tons of illegal marijuana at 21 farms, according
to a statement from the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of …
Modbee dot com
2017/10/17 Chinese immigrants increasingly caught up in raids on ...
https://www.modbee.com/news/article179260411.html
Oct 17, 2017 · Chinese immigrants have been arrested in multiple recent police raids on marijuana grow
houses in California, Colorado and other states, raising questions about how …
Justice dot gov Cases
(Also listed briefly under Houses and/or Farms by State)
2013/05/23 Florida: Grow Houses/Hydroponic-Murder Retaliation/Kidnapping, Drug, Money Laundering;
Twelve Defendants Sentenced For Murder/Marijuana Grow House Conspiracy
https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdfl/pr/twelve-defendants-sentenced-murdermarijuana-grow-house-
conspiracy
Excerpt: According to court documents, the defendants operated an extensive network of hydroponic
marijuana grow houses throughout South Florida. In 2009, a large quantity of marijuana belonging to the
organization was stolen. Members of the organization set out to find the people responsible for the theft. On
June 28, 2009, Derrick Santiesteban, Gilberto Santiesteban, Jr., Norge Manduley, and Juan Felipe Castañeda
kidnapped the individual who they thought was responsible for the theft of the marijuana. During the
abduction, the individual was shot and killed. Derrick Santiesteban was sentenced to life in prison on
charges of drug, money laundering, and kidnapping with death resulting.
https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdfl/pr/twelve-defendants-sentenced-murdermarijuana-grow-house-
conspiracy
STASH HOUSES-Drugs (See Stash Houses-Human in Borders/Stash Houses-Human Trafficking)
Some itemized Topics
•
Labs Clandestine-See Mesa AZ Police dot gov
•
Stash Houses Definition - See Chron dot com
•
Links List-Stash Houses
https://www.chron.com/news/article/HPD-shares-warning-signs-about-drug-stash-houses-2052874.php
https://www.mesaazpolice.gov/community/drugs-in-your-neighborhood
https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/local/what-is-a-stash-house/2017/09/19/5de53a6c-884a-11e7-96a7-
d178cf3524eb_video.html
Articles Stash Houses
Chron dot com
2001/05/17 HPD shares warning signs about 'drug stash houses'
https://www.chron.com/news/article/HPD-shares-warning-signs-about-drug-stash-houses-
2052874.php
Excerpt: The nature of the wholesale illegal drug business causes smuggling and distributing
organizations to store drugs temporarily in what they think is a safe place, until they can sell or move
the drugs to other cities. These organizations usually pick a location in a neighborhood or apartment
complex where they think they will not be noticed. Narcotics investigators call these hiding places
"Stash Houses."
Unlike a house where low level dealers sell drugs to users, with all the attendant traffic coming and
going, Stash Houses are chosen and used in a way that the drug traffickers think will prevent
suspicion. They count on neighbors and other people in the community not to be suspicious. There are
indicators to look for to detect if a house is being used to store drugs in your neighborhood.
Often difficult for police to watch, on a cul-de-sac or dead-end.
The yard is unkempt.
Trash is seldom at the curb for pickup.
Different vehicles, especially vans and pickup trucks, will enter and exit, day or night.
Vehicles will have variety of license plates, and many will be out of state or paper "buyer" plates.
Occupants may be seen dismantling vehicles.
Usually little, if any, furniture in the home.
Occupants tend to keep to themselves, and are not visible on a daily basis
https://www.chron.com/news/article/HPD-shares-warning-signs-about-drug-stash-houses-
2052874.php
Mesa AZ Police
On Clandestine Labs, Stash Houses and What You Can Do About Drugs In Your Neighborhood
https://www.mesaazpolice.gov/community/drugs-in-your-neighborhood
Excerpt:
Clandestine Labs
A narcotics laboratory or production house is also frequently referred to as a clandestine drug
laboratory or clan lab. These laboratories are mini-chemical labs designed for one purpose: to make
deadly, illegal drugs quickly and cheaply.
"Clan lab" chemists can produce LSD, synthetic Heroin and other drugs, but their drug of choice is
Methamphetamine, commonly called Meth, Speed or Crank. A smokeable form of methamphetamine
called Ice, Glass or Crystal is also produced.
Not only are these homemade drugs dangerous, but the labs that produce them can be located in any
neighborhood and pose serious health and safety threats to the public. Toxic chemicals, explosions,
fires, booby traps, armed criminals -- any of these can mean disaster for the people who inadvertently
stumble onto the labs.
The Mesa Police Department has confronted this problem by having several of its detectives attend
the Clandestine Laboratory Enforcement/Safety Certification Program hosted by the Drug
Enforcement Agency. In the Year 2000, the Mesa Police Department located and dismantled
approximately 35 laboratories. These laboratories have been located in single-family residences, multi-
family residences, and as well as in vehicles and various other locations throughout the city. Many of
the laboratories have been located with the aid of concerned citizens. Below you will find several signs
that may indicate the presence of a clandestine laboratory.
Strong chemical odors
High volumes of traffic to suspected location
People coming outside only to smoke
Chemical containers coming to and from that location
https://www.mesaazpolice.gov/community/drugs-in-your-neighborhood
Washington Post
2017/09/19 What is a 'stash house?'
https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/local/what-is-a-stash-house/2017/09/19/5de53a6c-884a-11e7-
96a7-d178cf3524eb_video.html
Stash houses are a vital part of immigrant and drug smuggling networks on the U.S.-Mexico border.
LABS
Mesa AZ Police
On Clandestine Labs, Stash Houses and What You Can Do About Drugs In Your Neighborhood
https://www.mesaazpolice.gov/community/drugs-in-your-neighborhood
Updates: 2022/11/27; 2021/09/14 added Stash House section; 2021/08/16 Clandestine Labs section added; 2021/08/14-15 updates; 2021/08/12 Justice dot
gov section added; menu ordering link activation ; 2021/08/11-PAGE STARTED-Marijuana Farms & Houses;
Article Titles - Partial List
•
Chinese Social Media Apps
Marijuana Money Laund. Scheme
(Epoch Times-2021/06/29)
•
Raids Marijuana Grow Houses Often
Chinese 'Farmers' Inside (420 mag-
2017/10/17)
•
How a Marijuana network tied to
China became a player-Colorado
black market (The Denver Channel-
2019/12/19)
•
‘Asian Pride’ Marijuana Bust Was
Largest In Colorado Law
Enforcement History
•
21 indicted in illegal marijuana
operation in Colorado (The Durango
Herald-2021/06/11 )
•
The Navajo vs Illegal Chinese
Marijuana Grows (Cannabis net-
2020)
•
3,000 pot plants seized in illegal
Garfield County grow (Post Indep-
2016/09/21)
•
Chinese Criminal Groups Continue
Controlling Marijuana (La Cannabis
News dot com)
•
Los Angeles, Riverside and San
Bernardino counties: 10 linked to
network of grow houses across
three southland counties arrested-
2013
•
San Bernardino County, California-
Grow Houses: Three SoCal Men
Arrested in Scheme in Which
Chinese Money Allegedly Funded
Seven Inland Empire Marijuana
Grow Houses-2019
•
US seizes pot-growing houses tied
to China-based criminals (Seattle
Times-2018)
•
•
Resources and Input
Policing, Borders, Drugs, Cartels
and System Corruption